The seal of the Umayyad Caliph Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan was discovered in the village of Abu Shusha (Jazr), near the city of Ramla, during excavations by Max van Berchem at the site in 1903. Max van Berchem had borrowed it from the Museum of Antiquities in Istanbul since Palestine was under Ottoman administration during that period, and important archaeological materials were transported to Istanbul.
Abd al-Malik ibn Marwan, the Umayyad Caliph, ruled during the period from 685 to 705. His name is associated with numerous architectural projects in Palestine, especially in the city of Jerusalem. The seal is made of bronze in the form of a medallion, bearing inscriptions, the caliph's name, and geometric and animalistic decorations on both sides.
The seal features inscriptions on both sides:
First Side:
Center: A central circle with a certain geometric shape at the top. Above it are two circles with the repeated phrase "(For) Abdullah ibn Abdul-Lak." Below the meeting point of the triangle's sides with the central circle, animalistic shapes are drawn, representing symmetrical ducks.
Surrounding: "La ilaha illallah Muhammad Rasul Allah." Which means: There is no deity but God; Muhammad is the messenger of God.
Second Side:
Center: It bears the name "Palestine" written in Kufic script. Below it, there is a decorative line with intricate knot-like patterns, and beneath that, an animalistic drawing of two lions looking backward with a lotus flower between them.
Surrounding: Not clear (may be a plant illustration or a type of writing).





